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Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

Received: 2 March 2017     Accepted: 25 March 2017     Published: 28 April 2017
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Abstract

Hypertension is a common health problem worldwide. It doubles risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney diseases and peripheral arterial disease. Good control of hypertension is important to decrease these complications. For Good control, life style modification (low salt diet, exercise, weight reduction and cessation of smoking) and Different antihypertensive medications are used. The medicines have to be taken adherently and one has to be consistent in life style modifications. Here the blood pressure control status of hypertensive patients on treatment was assessed. Cross sectional study was conducted collecting data using a pretested questionnaire among all hypertensive patients on treatment at the cardiovascular follow up clinic of University of Gondar Hospital from March 1, 2016 to October 30, 2106. A consecutive of 310 hypertensive patients on pharmacologic therapy for at least 6 months were included. Good blood pressure control was defined as BP < 150/90 for those aged 60 years or above and <140/90 if younger than 60 years. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results are depicted descriptively using tables and graphs. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations.A total of 310 participants (118 males & 192 females) were evaluated. Poor blood pressure control was observed in 115 (37%) of the study participants. Presence of diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.6; CI (1.46-8.8)) and poor adherence to antihypertensive drugs (OR: 6.6; CI (1.5-28.5)) were associated with poor BP control. However duration of hypertension, type or number of antihypertensive medications used were not associated with BP control. Patient older than 60years had good BP control. More than one third of patients have poor BP control. Poor blood pressure control was associated with poor adherence to antihypertensive medications & the presence of diabetes. However, elderly people (≥ 60years) were found to be associated with good BP control.

Published in Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 6, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17
Page(s) 99-105
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Hypertension, Blood Pressure, Control, Gondar

References
[1] Aram V. Chobanian GLB, Henry R. Black, William C. Cushman, Lee A. Green,, Joseph L. Izzo J, Daniel W. Jones, Barry J. Materson, Suzanne Oparil, Jackson T. Wright, Jr,, Edward J. Roccella atNHBPEPCC. SEVENTH REPORT OF THE JOINTNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON PREVENTION, DETECTION, EVALUATION, AND TREATMENT OF HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE. Hypertension 2003; 42:1206–52.
[2] JA W. World Health Organization, International Society of Hypertension Writing Group. 2003 World Health Organization (WHO)/International Society of Hypertension (ISH) statement on management of hypertension. J Hypertens. 2003; 21(11): 1983-92.
[3] AL Ge. Prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors in southwest ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional survey. Dovepress Journal. 2013; 6 111–7.
[4] AL Te. Population based prevalence of high blood pressure among adults in Addis Ababa: uncovering a silent epidemic. 2009; 9 39-49.
[5] Akilew Awoke TA, Shitaye Alemu, Berihun Megabiaw. Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia: a community based cross-sectional study. BMC Cardiovascular disorders. 2012; 12:113.
[6] Paul A. James MSO, MD; Barry L. Carter, PharmD; William C. Cushman, MD;, Cheryl Dennison-Himmelfarb R, ANP, PhD; Joel Handler, MD; Daniel T. Lackland, DrPH;, Michael L. LeFevre M, MSPH; Thomas D. MacKenzie, MD, MSPH; Olugbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH, MS;, Sidney C. Smith Jr MLPS, MD, MHS; Sandra J. Taler, MD; Raymond R. Townsend, MD, Jackson T. Wright Jr M, PhD; Andrew S. Narva, MD; Eduardo Ortiz, MD, MPH. 2014 Evidence-Based Guideline for the Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults Report From the Panel Members Appointed to the Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC 8). JAMA. 2014; 311(5):507-20.
[7] T. J, Wright J, MD, PhD. Major Outcomes in High-Risk Hypertensive Patients Randomized to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor or Calcium Channel Blocker vs Diuretic : The Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) JAMA. 2002; 288(23):2981-97.
[8] Giuseppe Mancia RF, Krzysztof Narkiewicz et al. 2013 ESH/ESC Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. European Heart Journal. 2013; 34:2159–219.
[9] AL OIEe. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in a nigerian population 2010.
[10] L. ACHIENG’ MDJ, E. N. OGOLA, E. KARARI. ADEQUACY OF BLOOD PRESSURE CONTROL AND LEVEL OF ADHERENCE WITH ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY. EAST AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL. 2009 86(11):499-506.
[11] Manuel P Morgado SAR, Luísa Pereira, Miguel Castelo-Branco. Blood pressure control and antihypertensive pharmacotherapy patterns in a hypertensive population of Eastern Central Region of Portugal. BMC Health service research. 2010; 10:349.
[12] Paula W. Yoon S, Cathleen D. Gillespie M, Mary G. George M, Hilary K. Wall M. Control of Hypertension Among Adults — National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, United States, 2005–2008. MMWR. 2012; 61:19-24.
[13] AL sYARKGe. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Predictors of Control of Hypertension in New York City. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes. 2008; 1:46-53.
[14] Siegel D. Barriers to and strategies for effective blood pressure control. Vascular Health and Risk Management. 2005; 1(1):9–14.
[15] AL EMMe. Level of blood pressure control among hypertensive patients on follow-up in a Regional Referral Hospital in Central Kenya. Pan African Medical Journal. 2014; 18(278).
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  • APA Style

    Oumer Abdu, Ermias Diro, Abera Balcha, Mohamed Abdulkadir, Daniel Ayanaw, et al. (2017). Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study. Clinical Medicine Research, 6(3), 99-105. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17

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    ACS Style

    Oumer Abdu; Ermias Diro; Abera Balcha; Mohamed Abdulkadir; Daniel Ayanaw, et al. Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study. Clin. Med. Res. 2017, 6(3), 99-105. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17

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    AMA Style

    Oumer Abdu, Ermias Diro, Abera Balcha, Mohamed Abdulkadir, Daniel Ayanaw, et al. Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study. Clin Med Res. 2017;6(3):99-105. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17,
      author = {Oumer Abdu and Ermias Diro and Abera Balcha and Mohamed Abdulkadir and Daniel Ayanaw and Seid Getahun and Tadesse Mitiku and Melles Mebrehatom and Zekarias Gesssesse},
      title = {Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study},
      journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
      volume = {6},
      number = {3},
      pages = {99-105},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20170603.17},
      abstract = {Hypertension is a common health problem worldwide. It doubles risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney diseases and peripheral arterial disease. Good control of hypertension is important to decrease these complications. For Good control, life style modification (low salt diet, exercise, weight reduction and cessation of smoking) and Different antihypertensive medications are used. The medicines have to be taken adherently and one has to be consistent in life style modifications. Here the blood pressure control status of hypertensive patients on treatment was assessed. Cross sectional study was conducted collecting data using a pretested questionnaire among all hypertensive patients on treatment at the cardiovascular follow up clinic of University of Gondar Hospital from March 1, 2016 to October 30, 2106. A consecutive of 310 hypertensive patients on pharmacologic therapy for at least 6 months were included. Good blood pressure control was defined as BP < 150/90 for those aged 60 years or above and <140/90 if younger than 60 years. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results are depicted descriptively using tables and graphs. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations.A total of 310 participants (118 males & 192 females) were evaluated. Poor blood pressure control was observed in 115 (37%) of the study participants. Presence of diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.6; CI (1.46-8.8)) and poor adherence to antihypertensive drugs (OR: 6.6; CI (1.5-28.5)) were associated with poor BP control. However duration of hypertension, type or number of antihypertensive medications used were not associated with BP control. Patient older than 60years had good BP control. More than one third of patients have poor BP control. Poor blood pressure control was associated with poor adherence to antihypertensive medications & the presence of diabetes. However, elderly people (≥ 60years) were found to be associated with good BP control.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients in University of Gondar Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study
    AU  - Oumer Abdu
    AU  - Ermias Diro
    AU  - Abera Balcha
    AU  - Mohamed Abdulkadir
    AU  - Daniel Ayanaw
    AU  - Seid Getahun
    AU  - Tadesse Mitiku
    AU  - Melles Mebrehatom
    AU  - Zekarias Gesssesse
    Y1  - 2017/04/28
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17
    T2  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JF  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JO  - Clinical Medicine Research
    SP  - 99
    EP  - 105
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9057
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20170603.17
    AB  - Hypertension is a common health problem worldwide. It doubles risk of stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic kidney diseases and peripheral arterial disease. Good control of hypertension is important to decrease these complications. For Good control, life style modification (low salt diet, exercise, weight reduction and cessation of smoking) and Different antihypertensive medications are used. The medicines have to be taken adherently and one has to be consistent in life style modifications. Here the blood pressure control status of hypertensive patients on treatment was assessed. Cross sectional study was conducted collecting data using a pretested questionnaire among all hypertensive patients on treatment at the cardiovascular follow up clinic of University of Gondar Hospital from March 1, 2016 to October 30, 2106. A consecutive of 310 hypertensive patients on pharmacologic therapy for at least 6 months were included. Good blood pressure control was defined as BP < 150/90 for those aged 60 years or above and <140/90 if younger than 60 years. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Results are depicted descriptively using tables and graphs. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations.A total of 310 participants (118 males & 192 females) were evaluated. Poor blood pressure control was observed in 115 (37%) of the study participants. Presence of diabetes mellitus (OR: 3.6; CI (1.46-8.8)) and poor adherence to antihypertensive drugs (OR: 6.6; CI (1.5-28.5)) were associated with poor BP control. However duration of hypertension, type or number of antihypertensive medications used were not associated with BP control. Patient older than 60years had good BP control. More than one third of patients have poor BP control. Poor blood pressure control was associated with poor adherence to antihypertensive medications & the presence of diabetes. However, elderly people (≥ 60years) were found to be associated with good BP control.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

  • Department of Internal Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia

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