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Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia

Received: 21 June 2013     Published: 20 July 2013
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Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis and HIV have been closely linked since the emergence of AIDS. The aim of this study is to assess magnitude of Tuberculosis and its associated factors among HIV patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in Bahir Dar city. Methods: Institutional based Cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2012 in Bahir Dar city. Systematic sampling technique was employed to collect the data; both primary and secondary data were collected by interviewing HIV cases and reviewing their cards. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS version 20. Result: The study was conducted among a total of 385 HIV cases. The prevalence of Tuberculosis was 10.1%. This study declared that body mass index (BMI), CD4 count and functional status were significant predictors of tuberculosis (TB). Besides, HIV cases whose BMI less than 18.5 were more than five times more likely to develop TB compared to those with BMI greater than 24.5 (AOR= 5.24, 95%CI:1.01-27.13), individual HIV cases whose CD4 count less than 200 were more than seven times likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those whose CD4 count greater than 500 (AOR= 7.33, 95%CI:1.57-34.28), besides, the study explored that respondents who were bed redden and ambulatory were more than eight and six times more likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those respondents who were able to work respectively (AOR=8.61, 95%CI: 1.83-40.40 and AOR=6.22, 95%CI: 1.40-7.65). Conclusion: This study showed that magnitude of TB among HIV cases was 10.1%. HIV patients, whose BMI less than 18.5, CD4 count <200/μL, ambulatory and bedridden patients should be closely supervised by increasing patient round frequency and providing special nutritious food. TB/HIV co-infected patients should get all services in TB clinic. The Hospital should provide fast triaging systems for coughing patients and reducing their waiting time for services.

Published in Clinical Medicine Research (Volume 2, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18
Page(s) 77-83
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2013. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tuberculosis, HIV cases, Felegehiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia

References
[1] AIDS Control and Prevention (AIDSCAP) Project of Family Health Internal, the Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Public Health and Human Rights of the Harvard School of Public Health, UNAIDS. The Status and Trends of the Global HIV/AIDS Pandemic. Final Report July 5-6, 1996.
[2] Raviglione MC, Narain JP, Kochi A. HIV-associated tuberculosis in developing countries: clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Bull WHO 1992; 70:515-526.
[3] Avert, Org. AIDS care, http://www.avert.htm Retrieved in March, 2012.
[4] Assefa, B. Mycobacterial and non-bacterial pulmonary complication in hospitalized patients with Human Immune-deficiency Virus infection. A prospective, cohort study. BMCPum Med2001; 1:1 (published online).
[5] Huang, L. Pulmonary manifestation of HIV.HIV in-site publication, University of California (Published online) 1998.
[6] Tuberculosis scientific Blue Prints for TB drug development. Current TB epidemic 2001, vol. 81 sups.
[7] Kruuner, Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Estonia, INT. J tuberclung Dis 1998 2 (2): 130 – 133.
[8] C.B Holmes, P.nuu. Sex Difference in the epidemiology of TB: INT J tuberc lung Dis 19982 (2): 96 – 104.
[9] Raviglione MD, Snider DE, Kochi A. Global epidemiology of tuberculosis: morbidity and mortality of a worldwide epidemic. JAMA 1995; 273:220-226.
[10] Small PM. Tuberculosis research. Balancing the portfolio. JAMA 1996; 276:1512-1513.
[11] Anthony D. Harries. Antiretroviral Therapy and Tuberculosis control in Africa,Special theme Tuberculosis 2002 (6) 646 – 649
[12] MOH, evaluation of 5 years program development plan 1996 – 2001. TB and Leprosy Control Program MOH, Ethiopia, 2001.
[13] Maro, I.; Mgonda, Y. Prevalence, Modes of Management and Treatment outcomes among Patients with HIV/AIDS and Tuberculosis Co-infections in Dares Salaam. DMSJ, 2005; 14(2), 36-39.
[14] Saha et al.: Recent pattern of Co-infection amongst HIV seropositive individuals in tertiary care hospital, kolkata. Virology Journal 2011; 8:116.
[15] Sharma S, Dhungana G., Pokhre M, Rijal PB. Opportunistic infections in relation to cd4 level among HIV seropositive patients from central Nepal. Journal of medical colleg, 2010; 12(1), 1-4.
[16] Pape JW, Jean SS, Ho JL, Hafner A, Johnson DW. Effect of isoniazid prophylaxis on incidence of active tuberculosis and progression of HIV infection. Lancet 1993; 342:268-272.
[17] httpwww.ajol.infoindex.phpbajopasarticleviewFile5846646811.
[18] Deribew, A.;HaileMichael, Y.;Tesfaye, M.;Desalegn, D.;Wogi, A.andDaba, S.The synergy between TB and HIV co-infection on perceived stigma in Ethiopia, October 2010; 3: 249
[19] WajissoK. Assessment of HIVsero-prevalence among registered tuberculosis patients in arsi zone Ethiopia, April 2003.
[20] Nakanjako D, Mayanja-Kizza H, Ouma J and et al. Tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infections and their predictors at a hospital-based HIV/AIDS clinic in Uganda. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2010; 14(12):1621-8.
[21] The 20th conference on retrovirus and opportunistic infection, March 3-6, 2013. Georgia world congress center Atlanta.
[22] William W, Marguerite ML, Harriet MK and et al. Antiretroviral Treatment-Associated Tuberculosis in a Prospective Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients Starting ART. Clinical and Developmental Immunology, Volume 2011 (2011), Article ID 758350.
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    Alemayehu Belay, Zelalem Alamrew, Yibeltal Berie, Bisratewongel Tegegne, Gebeyaw Tiruneh, et al. (2013). Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia. Clinical Medicine Research, 2(4), 77-83. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18

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    ACS Style

    Alemayehu Belay; Zelalem Alamrew; Yibeltal Berie; Bisratewongel Tegegne; Gebeyaw Tiruneh, et al. Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin. Med. Res. 2013, 2(4), 77-83. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18

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    AMA Style

    Alemayehu Belay, Zelalem Alamrew, Yibeltal Berie, Bisratewongel Tegegne, Gebeyaw Tiruneh, et al. Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia. Clin Med Res. 2013;2(4):77-83. doi: 10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18

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  • @article{10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18,
      author = {Alemayehu Belay and Zelalem Alamrew and Yibeltal Berie and Bisratewongel Tegegne and Gebeyaw Tiruneh and Amsalu Feleke},
      title = {Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia},
      journal = {Clinical Medicine Research},
      volume = {2},
      number = {4},
      pages = {77-83},
      doi = {10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.cmr.20130204.18},
      abstract = {Background: Tuberculosis and HIV have been closely linked since the emergence of AIDS. The aim of this study is to assess magnitude of Tuberculosis and its associated factors among HIV patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in Bahir Dar city. Methods: Institutional based Cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2012 in Bahir Dar city. Systematic sampling technique was employed to collect the data; both primary and secondary data were collected by interviewing HIV cases and reviewing their cards. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS version 20. Result: The study was conducted among a total of 385 HIV cases. The prevalence of Tuberculosis was 10.1%. This study declared that body mass index (BMI), CD4 count and functional status were significant predictors of tuberculosis (TB). Besides, HIV cases whose BMI less than 18.5 were more than five times more likely to develop TB compared to those with BMI greater than 24.5 (AOR= 5.24, 95%CI:1.01-27.13), individual HIV cases whose CD4 count less than 200 were more than seven times likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those whose CD4 count greater than 500 (AOR= 7.33, 95%CI:1.57-34.28), besides, the study explored that respondents who were  bed redden and ambulatory were more than eight and six times more likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those respondents who were able to work respectively (AOR=8.61, 95%CI: 1.83-40.40 and AOR=6.22, 95%CI: 1.40-7.65). Conclusion: This study showed that magnitude of TB among HIV cases was 10.1%. HIV patients, whose BMI less than 18.5, CD4 count <200/μL, ambulatory and bedridden patients should be closely supervised by increasing patient round frequency and providing special nutritious food. TB/HIV co-infected patients should get all services in TB clinic. The Hospital should provide fast triaging systems for coughing patients and reducing their waiting time for services.},
     year = {2013}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Magnitude and Correlates of Tuberculosis among HIV Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia
    AU  - Alemayehu Belay
    AU  - Zelalem Alamrew
    AU  - Yibeltal Berie
    AU  - Bisratewongel Tegegne
    AU  - Gebeyaw Tiruneh
    AU  - Amsalu Feleke
    Y1  - 2013/07/20
    PY  - 2013
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18
    DO  - 10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18
    T2  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JF  - Clinical Medicine Research
    JO  - Clinical Medicine Research
    SP  - 77
    EP  - 83
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2326-9057
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.cmr.20130204.18
    AB  - Background: Tuberculosis and HIV have been closely linked since the emergence of AIDS. The aim of this study is to assess magnitude of Tuberculosis and its associated factors among HIV patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in Bahir Dar city. Methods: Institutional based Cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2012 in Bahir Dar city. Systematic sampling technique was employed to collect the data; both primary and secondary data were collected by interviewing HIV cases and reviewing their cards. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate analysis using SPSS version 20. Result: The study was conducted among a total of 385 HIV cases. The prevalence of Tuberculosis was 10.1%. This study declared that body mass index (BMI), CD4 count and functional status were significant predictors of tuberculosis (TB). Besides, HIV cases whose BMI less than 18.5 were more than five times more likely to develop TB compared to those with BMI greater than 24.5 (AOR= 5.24, 95%CI:1.01-27.13), individual HIV cases whose CD4 count less than 200 were more than seven times likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those whose CD4 count greater than 500 (AOR= 7.33, 95%CI:1.57-34.28), besides, the study explored that respondents who were  bed redden and ambulatory were more than eight and six times more likely to develop Tuberculosis compared to those respondents who were able to work respectively (AOR=8.61, 95%CI: 1.83-40.40 and AOR=6.22, 95%CI: 1.40-7.65). Conclusion: This study showed that magnitude of TB among HIV cases was 10.1%. HIV patients, whose BMI less than 18.5, CD4 count <200/μL, ambulatory and bedridden patients should be closely supervised by increasing patient round frequency and providing special nutritious food. TB/HIV co-infected patients should get all services in TB clinic. The Hospital should provide fast triaging systems for coughing patients and reducing their waiting time for services.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Health Education and Promotion, Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

  • Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

  • Department of Health and Health Related Service Product Regulation Core Process, Amhara National Regional Health Bureau, Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

  • Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

  • Department of Public Health, GAMBY College of Medical Sciences, Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia

  • School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar University, Gondar City, Ethiopia

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